• On BF exchange it is literally punters laying bet offers for other punters to back.

    A non-insignificant portion of Betfair usage is bookies mitigating their risk. As gbj says, modern bookies are a brokerage/arbitrage business, so if there's one outcome of an event with excessive exposure they'll use (amongst other places) exchanges like Betfair to mitigate that risk.

    Old school bookies (and some independent bookies still) used to run on the principle of a long term profit due to the overround, and could often be put in a bad spot by couple of unexpected events in quick succession. Modern bookmakers like to run things in a way to make a guaranteed small profit on each event regardless of the outcome (again, much like Betfair).

  • Tic-Tac was a set of hand signals used between on-course bookies to lay-off bets with each other, it goes back hundreds of years ! As you say, The Book is generally 120% overround allowing a long-term reward for bookies, but many still failed, read John Mc McCririck's book.. if you must ;-)

  • Fixed-odds Sports Betting by Joseph Buchdahl was the book that I read when I used to dabble in sports betting arbitrages.

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